About the Journal
Journal Title: Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
Publication Cycle: Monthly(Published on the 20th of each month)
Governing Body: Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China
Sponsor: Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources
Tel: 010-63205981
E-mail： 13941816@qq.com
China Standard Serial Number (CN): 10-1746/TV
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 1000-0860
News
Hydrological process simulation and runoff component analysis of Ganhezi River Basin, Xinjiang based on CMADS+SWAT
CHAI Wenguang;YANG Guang;TIAN Hao;LI Xiaolong;ZHANG Heng;XU Wentao;REN Shan;ZHANG Cheng;NI Canbang;[Objective]The hydrological processes in the river basins of cold regions are complicated due to the combined effects of snowmelt, rainfall infiltration, and other factors. Hydrometeorological stations in the alpine mountains of Northwest China are scarce, and the lack of data limits the simulation and analysis of cold-region runoff. Meteorological data has become the main bottleneck in studying hydrological processes in the alpine mountains of Northwest China.[Methods]To address the lack of meteorological data in studying hydrological processes in the alpine mountains of Northwest China, the Ganhezi River Basin in Xinjiang was selected as the study area. Using the China Meteorological Assimilation Driving Datasets for the SWAT model(CMADS), the applicability of CMADS+SWAT for runoff simulation in alpine mountains was explored, and the water yield of different runoff components in the river basin was analyzed. SWAT-CUP was used to perform sensitivity analysis, calibration, and validation of model parameters, and the coefficient of determination(R2) and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient(NSE) were used to evaluate the applicability of SWAT model.[Results]The result showed that:(1) the CMADS+SWAT model could effectively simulate the runoff process of the Ganhezi River Basin at the monthly scale, and R2 and NSE were 0.87 and 0.72 during the calibration period, and 0.84 and 0.64 during the validation period, respectively.(2) Among the different runoff components, interflow had the highest multi-year average water yield proportion at 43.7%, followed by surface runoff at 43.3%, and groundwater had the smallest proportion at only 13%.[Conclusion]The CMADS+SWAT model can effectively simulate the runoff process in the Ganhezi River Basin at the monthly scale. The findings can provide a basis for runoff simulation and analysis in the alpine mountains of Northwest China.
Effectiveness assessment of urban drainage and flood control systems based on DPSIR-AHP-FCE model
ZHU Zeyu;TANG Lihua;ZHU Zhenduo;WU Kunming;HUANG Wei;[Objective]Urban flooding disasters are becoming increasingly severe, which drives the upgrading of urban drainage and flood control systems. To assess urban disaster prevention and mitigation capacity, it is necessary to conduct a systematic assessment of the effectiveness of urban drainage and flood control systems.[Methods]An integrated assessment method coupling social, natural, and infrastructure dimensions was developed based on the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response(DPSIR) framework. By jointly analyzing external environmental constraints and internal conditions of urban drainage and flood control systems, a framework for constructing effectiveness assessment indicators was established. The Analytic Hierarchy Process-Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation(AHP-FCE) method was employed to quantify indicator weights and membership degrees, and integrated with a coupling coordination degree model to assess effectiveness levels. Using the central urban area of Jiujiang City as a case study, the effectiveness of urban drainage and flood control systems in 2017 and 2021 was compared and analyzed.[Results]The result showed that with the completion of the first-phase urban water-related projects, the coupling coordination degree of the five DPSIR dimensions in the central urban area of Jiujiang City increased from 0.771 to 0.901, achieving high coordination and enhancing system effectiveness. Key indicators including compliance rates of drainage pumps and gates, levees, and urban stormwater drainage increased by 0.45, 0.50, and 0.42 points respectively, significantly improving deficiencies in the state and impact dimensions. However, the construction of the drainage pipe network was relatively underdeveloped, and the impervious surface ratio showed an increasing trend, which would be a key focus for future management.[Conclusion]This framework helps identify weaknesses in urban drainage and flood control systems and provides guidance for planning and implementing urban stormwater management strategies.
Surge characteristics induced by deformation and instability of giant accumulation body under fluctuating reservoir water levels
ZHOU Hang;ZHOU Hongke;LI Anrun;ZHOU Sai;[Objective]During reservoir impoundment, reservoir-bank slopes are prone to deformation and instability due to hydraulic effects, which may subsequently generate surge hazards and pose serious threats to infrastructure and human safety in the reservoir area. The evolution process of instability-induced deformation of accumulation-body slopes and the characteristics of surge generation under fluctuating water levels are revealed.[Methods]A giant accumulation body in the reservoir area of a hydropower station on the Yalong River was selected as the research object. Field geological surveys were conducted to obtain fracture occurrence and deformation characteristics. The entire slope deformation evolution process was simulated using discrete element numerical modeling, while surge heights were calculated using the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(IWHR) method and the Pan Jiazheng method. The synergistic effects of sliding velocity, volume, and terrain conditions were analyzed.[Results]The result showed that the deformation of the accumulation body exhibited a three-stage evolution characteristic of “creep, constant velocity, and acceleration.” The strength degradation of rock mass at the slope toe(cohesion decreased by 35% to 65% and internal friction angle reduced by 18% to 22%) was identified as the main cause of deformation initiation. The stability of locked segments at elevations of 2 905.65 m and 2 978.08 m served as the critical threshold controlling the transformation of deformation stages. After their failure, the sliding body acceleration increased from 0.06 m/s2 to 0.418 m/s2. Surge propagation showed significant nonlinear attenuation characteristics. The maximum surge heights calculated by the IWHR method and the Pan Jiazheng method at the opposite bank were 80.68 m and 53.53 m, respectively; at the tunnel entrance were 15.1 m and 15.09 m, respectively; and at the dam site were 3.63 m and 1.13 m, respectively. The differences revealed the terrain amplification effect.[Conclusion]The deformation-surge coupling mechanism is manifested as a chain response of “hydraulic degradation-locked segment failure-abrupt change in sliding velocity-surge propagation, ” with the stability of locked segments being the core for surge disaster prevention and control. A theoretical basis for early warning of similar landslide surges in reservoir areas is provided by these result.
Spatiotemporal evolution and future trend analysis of extreme precipitation events in Tuhai-Majia River Basin
LIU Bowen;LI Wei;WANG Xi;XU Jing;XU Zhenghe;XU Lirong;ZHANG Erchi;HUI Peichen;[Objective]To investigate the historical and future spatiotemporal variation characteristics of extreme precipitation events in the Tuhai-Majia River Basin, aiming to provide theoretical references for preventing potential future climate disasters.[Methods]Based on daily precipitation data from 26 national meteorological stations in the Tuhai-Majia River Basin over a 55-year period from 1967 to 2021, eight extreme precipitation indices were calculated using the RClimDex1.1 model. The Mann-Kendall(M-K) test, ANUSPLIN spatial interpolation, and wavelet transform were applied to analyze the changes in extreme precipitation indices. The NEX-GDDP-CMIP6 dataset was used to predict future climate change trends in the river basin.[Results]The result showed that:(1) from 1967 to 2021, all indices in the Tuhai-Majia River Basin showed increasing trends, except for consecutive dry days(CDD) and consecutive wet days(CWD), which showed decreasing trends. Significant abrupt changes were observed in maximum 1-day precipitation(Rx1day), very extreme precipitation(R99P), CWD, and CDD during the study period. Other indices showed no significant abrupt changes. All extreme precipitation indices exhibited notable periodic variations during the study period, with major cycles generally ranging from 2 to 4.8 years.(2) The extreme precipitation indices in the study area showed significant spatial variation. Some indices were strongly correlated with topographic factors. Total annual precipitation(PRCPTOT), total extreme precipitation(R95P), and R99P showed higher values in the southern part of the river basin, while Rx1day and maximum 5-day precipitation(Rx5day) had higher values concentrated in the northern part of the river basin.(3) Under different emission scenarios(SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5) from 2015 to 2100, extreme precipitation events in the river basin were projected to generally show an increasing trend.(4) The cross-wavelet transform between extreme precipitation indices and climate indices showed different power levels. Among them, the cross-wavelet power between extreme precipitation indices and sunspot number(SN) was the strongest, showing high oscillation coherence and mostly negative correlation.[Conclusion]Overall, the variations in precipitation indices indicate that the region is becoming increasingly humid. There are significant north-south differences in extreme precipitation in the Tuhai-Majia River Basin. Future efforts should focus on optimizing differentiated disaster prevention systems in the northern and southern parts of the river basin and enhancing the monitoring, early warning, and response capabilities for extreme precipitation events to reduce disaster risks within the river basin.
Biomass crops on marginal lands: Increasing precipitation and mitigating extreme precipitation events
LU Chunyan;HE Yufeng;WANG Suichan;LI Zhouyuan;Gansu Meteorological Information and Technical Equipment Support Center;[Objective]With increasing energy demand and growing concerns about climate change, the rational utilization of marginal lands for cultivating biomass energy crops has emerged as a research focus in recent years. Previous studies have demonstrated that cultivating perennial biomass crops on marginal lands significantly impacts regional climate change and food production. However, these investigations did not fully consider the interactive feedback between plant growth and climate change, leading to slightly insufficient reliability of the result. [ Methods] To address the limitations of earlier studies, the coupled model CWRF-Bio Cro was employed to comprehensively consider the interactive feedback between plant growth and climate change, and to analyze changes in regional precipitation patterns and their physical mechanisms under two scenarios in the United States: cultivation of perennial biomass crops on marginal lands and maintenance of existing vegetation cover. [Results]The result showed that after cultivating perennial biomass crops on marginal lands, the regional total average daily precipitation increased by 6. 33 mm/day(0. 01%), with most of the increase occurring during spring, summer, and autumn in the central and western regions and during autumn and winter in the eastern region. This was primarily due to the significant enhancement of water vapor transport and latent heat flux in the region. The regional maximum daily precipitation decreased by 2. 1 mm(4. 39%), mainly in the central and eastern regions, Resulting from a significant decrease in sensible heat flux in these regions. Meanwhile, the frequency of precipitation events with an average daily precipitation greater than 50 mm/d decreased in the central and eastern regions, with the most pronounced reduction of 31 days(0. 24%) observed in events in the range of 50. 0 ～ 99. 9 mm/day.[Conclusion] In summary, planting perennial biomass crops on marginal lands can increase regional precipitation and reduce extreme precipitation. These findings highlight the critical role of biophysical feedback mechanisms in regulating regional climate and provide a scientific foundation for developing climate-adaptive land management strategies.
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2022—2023 Journal Catalogue
