About the Journal
Journal Title: Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
Publication Cycle: Monthly(Published on the 20th of each month)
Governing Body: Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China
Sponsor: Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources
Tel: 010-63205981
E-mail： 13941816@qq.com
China Standard Serial Number (CN): 10-1746/TV
International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 1000-0860
News
Evaluation of ecosystem services and development of ecological security pattern in Beijing
WANG Saichao;ZHAO Ziqun;XUE Wanlai;WU Qing;LI Wenzhong;ZHI Xiangyu;LI Long;YU Yipei;The Reservoir Management Office of Miyun Reservoir Management Authority of Beijing;[Objective]Developing an ecological security pattern plays a crucial role in ensuring regional ecological security, species survival, and information exchange, thereby providing strong support for sustainable development across natural, social, and economic dimensions. [Methods]The InVEST model was employed to simulate various ecosystem services in Beijing, and the simulation result were quantitatively analyzed. Additionally, Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis(MSPA) analysis, the Minimum Cumulative Resistance(MCR) model, and circuit theory were integrated to develop an ecological security pattern for Beijing, providing a scientific basis for policy making.[Results]The result showed that high-value patches for water conservation, soil retention, carbon storage, water purification, and habitat quality covered areas of 1 984.59 km2, 617.61 km2, 8 041.22 km2, 8 638.69 km2, and 930.70 km2, respectively, accounting for 12.09%, 3.76%, 49.00%, 52.64%, and 5.67% of the study area. These high-value patches were primarily located in the mountainous areas of western and northern Beijing. The ecological security pattern of Beijing was composed of 21 ecological sources, 46 ecological corridors, and 1 ecological pinch point. The total area of ecological sources covered 1 220.83 km2, accounting for 7.45% of Beijing's total area, while the total length of ecological corridors extended to 1 003.78 km.[Conclusion]The ecological sources in Beijing are mainly distributed in the western and northern mountainous areas. Future efforts of ecological conservation are essential to further expand the area of ecological sources and enhance habitat quality.
Study on the coordinating strategy of the Three Gorges Reservoir for ecological operation to promote spawning of the four major Chinese carps and comprehensive utilization demand
ZHANG Qifan;JING Pingfei;LI Xiaonan;DAI Lingquan;JIANG Wei;WANG Anqi;[Objective]The coordination strategy between ecological operations of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) to promote the natural spawning of the Four Major Chinese Carps and other comprehensive utilization demands has yet to be clearly defined. To clarify the constraints of ecological operations and propose coordination strategies between ecological operations and other comprehensive utilization demands, [Methods]past ecological operation experiments, operation regulations and operation practice of the TGR are summarized. Additionally, the impacts of conducting ecological operations during the concentrated falling stage and the flood stage on other comprehensive utilization demands have been quantitatively analyzed.[Results]The result show that, ecological operations during the per-flood falling stage will result in water abandonment at Gezhouba Dam in 47.3% of years and water level daily decrease of the TGR exceeding 1 m in 47.3% of the years. The risk of water abandonment at Gezhouba Dam and water level daily decrease of the TGR exceeding 1 meter will be significantly mitigated by raising the water level of the TGR on June 10th or lowering it on May 25th. Water demand of the ecological operations in mid-June and late June during flood stage can not be satisfied under the typical year of P=90%.[Conclusion]Conclusion can be drawn as follows: if ecological operations were conducted during the pre-flood falling stage, there would be no constraints on water quantity and no impact on flood control, water supply, and navigation. However, there would be risks associated with water abandonment at Gezhouba Dam and water level daily decrease of the TGR exceeding 1 m. Conducting ecological operation during flood stage is mainly subject to water constraints, while flood control risks remain manageable. Considering ecological operations, optimal operational rules for the TGR can be formulated as follows: in years with relatively abundant inflow forecasts, the reservoir level can be preemptively lowered the water level by May 25th. Conversely, the water level on June 10th can be further raised to 150.0 m in years with deficient inflow forecasts.
Research on surface water resources in Taihu Lake Basin based on zonal coupling model
XU Qin;ZHANG Kun;YE Ming;CHEN Xing;[Objective]The Taihu Lake Basin is a highly developed economic region in China and a typical area with prominent imbalance between supply and demand of water resources. The aim is to estimate the multi-year average surface water resources in the Taihu Lake Basin based on its geographical distribution, underlying surface types, and hydrometeorological conditions.[Methods]A zonal coupling modeling method was proposed, dividing the basin into the upstream hilly area and the middle-lower plain area. The Xin'anjiang three-source model and the runoff generation and concentration method based on underlying surface classification were used respectively to estimate the surface water resources from 1956 to 2020. The reliability of the result was verified through reservoir runoff simulation and a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model.[Results]The result showed that in the upstream hilly area, runoff simulation achieved an average coefficient of determination of 0.76, with relative errors controlled within ±7%. In the middle-lower plain area, water level simulation yielded an average coefficient of determination of 0.88, with better fitting performance in wet years. The model estimated the multi-year average surface water resources at 17.854 billion m3, which was 10.6% higher than the 16.15 billion m3 reported in the Second National Water Resources Survey and Assessment and 2.1% higher than the 17.481 billion m3 average in the water resources bulletins from 2006 to 2020.[Conclusion]The zonal coupling model demonstrates good applicability and reliability for estimating surface water resources in the Taihu Lake Basin. Differences between the model result and the “Second Survey” result primarily stem from the extended rainfall series, optimized runoff estimation method in the western lake area, and underlying surface changes. Future research should consider developing dynamic parameterization schemes to improve the model's estimation capabilities.
Large-scale landslide susceptibility evaluation in upper reaches of Minjiang River based on different selection methods for landslide negative samples and random forest algorithm
LUO Fei;LING Sixiang;GAO Fengxin;LIN Zuhao;SUN Chunwei;GAO Fangfang;WU Xiyong;[Objective]Accurate landslide susceptibility results enable precise prevention and control of landslide hazards and risks. In landslide susceptibility evaluation, selection methods for different landslide negative samples represent a critical uncertainty factor that affects the prediction accuracy of landslide susceptibility. [Methods]Taking the mountainous area of the Minjiang River basin in Sichuan Province as the study area, data on 881 large landslides(>106 m3) were compiled through remote sensing imagery. Thirteen landslide evaluation factors including topography and geomorphology, basic geology, hydrogeology, geological environment, seismic parameters, and human activities were selected, and factor redundancy was examined through collinearity analysis. Subsequently, landslide negative samples were selected using random sampling across the study area, sampling in slope zones below 10°, sampling in areas outside 1 km buffer zones around landslides, Information Value(IV) method, Support Vector Machine(SVM) method, and semi-supervised method, with the same proportion as landslide positive samples. These negative samples were further coupled with the Random Forest(RF) to establish Random RF, Low-Slope RF, Buffer RF, IV-RF, SVM-RF, and Semi-Supervised RF models for landslide susceptibility zoning. Finally, the prediction accuracy of different sampling models for landslide negative samples was compared and evaluated using the mean Area Under the Curve(AUC) value derived from the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve. [Results] The results showed that:(1) the high and extremely high landslide susceptibility zones obtained by different sampling methods for landslide negative samples were predominantly concentrated on both sides of the river valleys from Wolong to Yingxiu, Miansi to Gu'ergou, Heihu to Musu, and Diexi to Songpan.(2) The prediction accuracy of landslide susceptibility using different sampling methods for landslide negative samples ranked as follows: Semi-Supervised RF ■ ■ ■ RF ■ RF ■ RF ■The selection of landslide negative samples in low-susceptibility areas significantly enhanced the prediction accuracy of susceptibility. Compared to Random RF model, the values of the Low-Slope RF, Buffer RF, IV-RF, SVM-RF, and Semi-Supervised RF models increased by 0.013, 0.02, 0.063, 0.072, and 0.089, respectively. [Conclusion] The Semi-Supervised RF model exhibits the smallest standard deviation(0.004) and the highest mean AUC value(0.971), demonstrating optimal stability and prediction capability. This indicates that the semi-supervised sampling method offers the best optimization for the model. These research findings provide references for selecting landslide negative samples and establishing models in landslide susceptibility prediction, while offering theoretical support for landslide risk assessment and disaster mitigation strategies in the upper Minjiang River Basin.
Statistical survey on flood disasters based on large language model
LI Qiang;ZHAO Tongtiegang;[Objective]The statistical survey on flood disasters is an important basis for regional disaster prevention, reduction and flood risk management under changing environmental conditions. The large language model(LLM) has shown potential in the field of hydraulic engineering. In order to utilize the capabilities of LLMs on semantic understanding and information extraction, the LLM-based method of statistical survey on flood disasters is proposed. All procedures of the statistical survey based on Internet data are completed by the LLM.[Methods]For the flood disasters on 21 July 2012 in Beijing(“7·21”), July 2023 in Beijing(“23·7”), on June 2022 in Pearl River Basin(“22·6”) and April 2024 in Southern China(“24·4”), the proposed LLM-based method is used to investigate the risk and loss.[Results]The accuracy of the statistical survey is the highest when the temperature of the LLM is 0 and decreases as the temperature increases. For the “7·21” flood disaster, the accuracy of the number of collapsed dwellings, the affected population and the direct economic losses is more than 90%. The proportion of no retrieved result of affected cropland area and peak discharge is more than 40%. For the “23·7” flood disaster, the accuracy is generally higher. The accuracy of the number of collapsed dwellings, the number of deaths and missing persons, the affected population, the affected cropland area and the peak discharge is more than 90%. For the “24·6” flood disaster in the Beijiang river basin, the accuracy of the maximum hourly precipitation, the average precipitation and the peak discharge is 83%, 61% and more than 90%. For the “22·4” flood disaster, the accuracy of the peak discharge at Shijiao station is 89%. the proportion of no retrieved result of the peak discharge at Feilaixia reservoir, the maximum hourly precipitation and the average precipitation exceeds 70%.[Conclusion]The LLM is suitable for the statistical survey of flood disasters and can provide data support for the management of flood and drought disasters.
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